Here are some common diseases in children:

 * Common cold: The common cold is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract. It's the most common childhood illness, and most children will get several colds a year. Symptoms include a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, coughing, sore throat, and mild fever. Colds are usually spread through contact with respiratory droplets from an infected person. There is no specific cure for the common cold, but most children will recover within a week or two with plenty of rest, fluids, and over-the-counter medications for fever and congestion. 

 Ear infection (otitis media): Ear infections are very common in young children, especially between the ages of 6 months and 2 years. They occur when fluid builds up behind the eardrum, causing pain and inflammation. Ear infections can be caused by viruses or bacteria. Symptoms include earache, fever, fussiness, trouble sleeping, and drainage from the ear. Ear infections are usually treated with antibiotics, but some may resolve on their own. 

 Gastroenteritis (stomach flu): Gastroenteritis, also known as the stomach flu, is an inflammation of the stomach and intestines caused by a virus or bacteria. Symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps. Most cases of gastroenteritis are mild and resolve within a few days with plenty of fluids and rest. However, severe dehydration can be a complication, especially in young children. 

 Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV): RSV is a common respiratory virus that can cause mild, cold-like symptoms in most children. However, in infants, RSV can lead to bronchiolitis, a serious infection of the small airways in the lungs. Symptoms of RSV in infants include wheezing, coughing, congestion, and difficulty breathing. Most cases of RSV improve on their own, but some infants may require hospitalization.  

 Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD): HFMD is a common childhood illness caused by a virus. It causes a fever, mouth sores, and a rash on the hands and feet. HFMD is usually mild and resolves on its own within a week or two. There is no specific treatment for HFMD, but over-the-counter medications can help relieve symptoms.

These are just a few of the most common diseases in children. If you are concerned about your child's health, please contact their pediatrician.